Flashcards in bone and ossification histo Deck (53)
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1
makes up the greater portion of the matrix
Inorganic elements – calcium, magnesium, and sodium
2
Ground substance is calcified – becomes hard and brittle
bone
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organic elements of bone
(collagen, protein polysaccharide and chondroitin sulfate)
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functions of bone
Internal support of the body
Attachment of muscles and tendons for locomotion
Contains the bone marrows – blood forming elements
Protects vital organs of the cranial and thoracic cavities
For storage of calcium in the body
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types of bone based on the organization of its type I collagen fibers
lamellar
woven
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type of bone
collagen fibers are arranged in an irregular feltwork
fabricated during periods of rapid bone growth
woven
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type of bone
hypercellular, with large osteocytes and lacunae, distributed in a haphazard fashion, long axes follow the direction of the neighboring collagen fibers
woven
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type of bone
higher mineral content than that of lamellar bone; deposited outside of collagen fibers
woven
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type of bone
resist forces equally in all directions; weaker, less rigid, more flexible than lamellar bone (greenstick fracture)
woven
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type of bone
collagen fibers are deposited in parallel arrays
lamellar
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type of bone
synthesized more slowly, less cellular, smaller osteocytes and lacunae, distributed in a more organized fashion along the more regular collagen lamellae
lamellar
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type of bone
process of mineralization occurs more slowly and continues long after the organic matrix is initially deposited
lamellar
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type of bone
has greater rigidity and tensile strength, less elasticity than woven bone.
lamellar
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FORMS OF LAMELLAR BONES
Cancellous or Spongy bone (substancia spongiosa)
Compact bone (substancia compacta)
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LONG BONE
– thick walled hollow cylinder w/ a central medullary cavity containing the bone marrow
Shaft
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LONG BONE
ends of long bones made up of spongy bone covered by a thin cortex of compact bone
Epiphysis –
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LONG BONE
– separates the epiphysis from the diaphysis
Epiphyseal plate
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LONG BONE
a transitional region connecting the epiphyseal plate to the diaphysis
Metaphysis
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long bone
a layer of specialized CT w/ osteogenic potential
Periosteum
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long bone
a thin cellular layer w/ osteogenic properties covering the marrow cavity
Endosteum
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Found in the flat bones of the face and skull
Layer of spongy bone between 2 layers of compact bone forming an outer and inner table
diploe
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bone cells
Osteoprogenitor cells
2. Osteoblasts
3. Osteocytes
4. Osteoclasts
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type of bone cells
Undifferentiated cells
On free bony surfaces,
endosteum, periosteum,
lining of the Haversian
canal, epiphyseal plate
With pale staining
nucleus and faintly
basophilic cytoplasm
Osteoprogenitor cells
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type of osteoprogenitor cells
Divide – (bone - forming cells)
osteoblasts
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type of osteoprogenitor cells
Unite – (bone - destroying cells)
osteoclasts
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Bone forming cells responsible for the development of the bony matrix
Location: surfaces of developing bones
Arranged in an epitheloid layer of cuboidal cells
osteoblasts
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Cells of fully formed bones in the lacunae of calcified matrix
An osteoblast is surrounded by bone matrix in its development
Flattened cell body inside the lacunae
osteocytes
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Giant multinucleated cells closely associated with areas of resorption
Found in shallow concavities of the bone surface called Lacuna of Howship
osteoclasts
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osteoclasts are found in shallow concavities of the bone surface called
Lacuna of Howship
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