GPHT LEC - Inflammation

Question 1

A complex reaction to various injurious agents

Answer 1

Inflammation

Question 2

 Consists of vascular responses, migration and activation of leukocytes, and systemic reactions

Answer 2

Inflammation

Question 3

Unique features of inflammation

Answer 3

◦ Reaction of blood vessels

◦ Accumulation of fluids and electrolytes in extravascular space

Question 4

components of inflammatory response

Answer 4

vascular and cellular rxn

Question 5

vascular rxn composed of

Answer 5

vasodilation

increased permeability

Question 6

cellular rxn composed of

Answer 6

 Margination
 Rolling
 Adhesion
 Transmigration 
 Migration

Question 7

Inflammation is terminated when

Answer 7

the inciting agent is eliminated and the mediators have degenerated.

Question 8

A rapid response to an injurious agent that aims to rapidly bring mediators of inflammation to the site of injury

Answer 8

acute inflammation

Question 9

characteristics of acute inflammation

Answer 9

◦ Alterations in blood flow
◦ Increased vascular permeability
◦ Emigration,accumulation,and activation of neutrophils

Question 10

distinctive feature of acute inflammation

Answer 10

Infiltration by polymorphonuclear cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils)

Question 11

Hallmark of acute inflammation:

Answer 11

◦ Increased vascular

permeability

Question 12

Refers to an excess fluid in the interstitial tissue or serous cavities

Answer 12

edema

Question 13

The escape of fluid, proteins, and blood cells from the vascular system into interstitial tissue or body cavities
Two types
◦ ◦
 
Exudate Transudate

Answer 13

exudation

Question 14

two types of exudate

high cellularity, sp gr and protein

Answer 14

exudate

Question 15

two types of exudate

low to none cellularity, sp gr and protein

Answer 15

transudate

Question 16

An exudate rich in inflammatory cells (leukocytes) and cellular debris

Answer 16

pus

Question 17

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

◦ Plasma-like effusion with no cells

Answer 17

Serous

Question 18

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

◦ There is abundant protein- rich fluid exudate with a relatively low cellular content

Answer 18

Serous

Question 19

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

◦ Early inflammation,heart failure, pleural effusions

Answer 19

Serous

Question 20

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation
◦ Inflammation of the serous
cavities, such as peritonitis, and inflammation of a synovial joint, acute synovitis

Answer 20

Serous

Question 21

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

◦ Vascular dilatation may be apparent to the naked eye

Answer 21

Serous

Question 22

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

◦ Contains dying and degenerate neutrophils,proteins,tissue debris, infecting organisms

Answer 22

Serous

Question 23

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation
◦ The pus may become walled-off by granulation tissue or fibrous
tissue to produce an abscess (a localized collection of pus in a tissue)

Answer 23

Serous

Question 24

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation

◦ Caused by pyogenic bacteria

Answer 24

Serous

Question 25

(a localized collection of pus in a tissue)

Answer 25

abscess

Question 26

If a hollow viscus fills with pus,this is called an

Answer 26

empyema,

Question 27

accumulation of fluid in body cavities

Answer 27

effusion

Question 28

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation | Contains large amounts of fibrinogen

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fibrinous

Question 29

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation ◦ Forms thick, sticky meshwork that may cause areas to stick together

Answer 29

fibrinous

Question 30

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation ◦ Often seen in acute pericarditis giving the parietal and visceral pericardium a 'bread and butter' appearance.

Answer 30

fibrinous

Question 31

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation | ◦ Thick fibrin coating

Answer 31

fibrinous

Question 32

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation ◦ Contains fibrinous or fibrinopurulent material with necrotic cells 

Answer 32

Membranous

Question 33

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation | ◦ Contains both serous and hemorrhagic materials

Answer 33

Serosanguinous

Question 34

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation | ◦ Often found in mucous membranes, some microbial infection

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Membranous

Question 35

morphologic patterns of acute inflammation | ◦ Caused by bleeding, serous exudation like injury and burns

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Serosanguinous

Question 36

Exudates in Inflammatory Processes | Contains large amount of RBCs and other cells

Answer 36

Hemorrhagic

Question 37

Exudates in Inflammatory Processes ◦ Damaged or vascular injury or permeable blood vessels or depletion of coagulation factors

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Hemorrhagic

Question 38

Exudates in Inflammatory Processes ◦ Acute pancreatitis due to proteolytic destruction of vascular walls, and in meningococcal septicemia due to disseminated intravascular coagulation

Answer 38

Hemorrhagic

Question 39

Exudates in Inflammatory Processes | ◦ Contains large amount of mucous and epithelial cells

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Mucinous or Catarrhal

Question 40

Exudates in Inflammatory Processes | ◦ When mucus hypersecretion accompanies acute inflammation of a mucous membrane

Answer 40

Mucinous or Catarrhal

Question 41

Exudates in Inflammatory Processes | ◦ Inflammatory conditions like allergic rhinitis,common

Answer 41

Mucinous or Catarrhal

Question 42

Types of Inflammation According to Location Localized collection of pus in a part of the body, surrounded by an inflamed area 

Answer 42

abscess

Question 43

Types of Inflammation According to Location | The area will most likely look like a giant boil or cyst that can become extremely red and infected

Answer 43

abscess

Question 44

Types of Inflammation According to Location An open sore of the skin, eyes or mucous membrane, often caused by an initial abrasion and generally maintained by an inflammation and/or an infection

Answer 44

ulcer

Question 45

Types of Inflammation According to Location Mucosal surface Thick mucous and white blood cells

Answer 45

catarrhal

Question 46

Types of Inflammation According to Location Formed by the fibrin and necrotic surface epithelium 

Answer 46

pseudomembranous

Question 47

Types of Inflammation According to Location | A structure which resembles the luminal surface of the tissue (looks like the affected tissue is covered by a membrane)

Answer 47

pseudomembranous

Question 48

Types of Inflammation According to Location  An epithelium becomes coated by fibrin, desquamated epithelial cells and inflammatory cells 

Answer 48

membranous

Question 49

Types of Inflammation According to Location | An example is the grey membrane seen in pharyngitis or laryngitis due to Corynebaeterium diphtheriae

Answer 49

membranous

Question 50

mononuclear cells in chronic inflammation

Answer 50

plasma cells, macrophages, lymphocytes

Question 51

slimy film covering | what morphologic pattern of acute inflam

Answer 51

membranous

Question 52

what morphologic pattern of acute inflam | in cancers, trauma, lungs

Answer 52

serosanguinous

Question 53

what morphologic pattern of acute inflam | bloody but not as viscous as blood

Answer 53

serosanguinous

Question 54

what morphologic pattern of acute inflam | diluted pink hemorrhagic material

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serosanguinous

Question 55

mucinous exudates common in organs like

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organs of RT and GT

Question 56

prototype of hemorrhagic exudate

Answer 56

acute pancreatitis

Question 57

common exudate, encountered by many

Answer 57

mucinous or catarrhal

Question 58

most frequent cause of abscess

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bacteria

Question 59

what type of inflammation accdg to location/appearance | acute appendicitis

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abscess

Question 60

what type of inflammation accdg to location/appearance | found in nose and GIT

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catarrhal

Question 61

what type of inflammation accdg to location/appearance | found in GIT

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pseudomembranous

Question 62

extensive deposition of collagen

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hypertrophic scar

Question 63

CT replacement accomplished by two processes

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angiogenesis and fibrosis

Question 64

haphazard activity of reparative cells

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cheloid

Question 65

cells predominant in acute

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neut

Question 66

cells predominant in chronic

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lympho

Question 67

nucleoli in granuloma

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horseshoe

Question 68

formation of the mature scar

Answer 68

cicatrization

Question 69

less vascular, pale, contracting tissue

Answer 69

cicatrix

Question 69

Type of inflam according to extent | Interstitial pneumonia

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Diffuse

Question 70

Sarcoidosis type of inflammationo

Answer 70

Granulomatous inflammation

Question 71

No discernible granule type of granulomatous inflammation

Answer 71

Immune granuloma

Question 72

Type of replacement by a CT scar | Reorganization of the fibrous tissue, contraction of wound edges

Answer 72

Remodeling

Question 73

Fibrinous inflammation may lead to

Answer 73

Scarring

Question 74

Central region of abscess

Answer 74

Necrotic leukocytes and tissue cells