10.12 Muscle Relaxants & Anticonvulsants Flashcards
(25 cards)
estrogen containing OCPs lower the plasma level of
lamotrigene
blocks voltage activated Na and Ca channels
lamotrigene
topiramate
blocks voltage activated Na channels
carbamazepine
valproate
phenytoin
blocks SV2A and changes Ca dependent NT vesicles and Ca release from IP3 stores
levetiracetam
can cause kidney stones by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase
topiramate
enhances GABA and inhibits glutamate
topiramate
inhibits glutamate
lamotrigine
and topiramate inhibits glutamate and enhances GABA
non competitive antagonist of glutamate on post synaptic AMPA receptors
perampanel
reduces low threshold Ca currents (T type) in thalamic neurons
ethosuximide
drugs for status epilepticus
lorazepam (a benzo) then phenytoin
drugs for partial seizures
carbamazepine
phenytoin
valproate
drugs for generalized tonic clonic
carbamazepine
phenytoin
valproate (only if also absence)
drugs for generalized absence
ethosuximide
valproate 1st line if also tonic clonic
enhances GABA and blocks voltage gated Na channels
valproate
valproate ADRs
hepatotoxic
weight gain
CI during pregnancy
carbamazepine ADRs
hematologic disorders (aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis)
CYP450 drug interactions
emphasize oral hygiene in children b/c high sugar
phenytoin ADRs
gingival hyperplasia
hirsutism
pregnancy: fetal hydantoin syndrome
peripherally acting spasmolytics
dantrolene
botulinum toxin
MOA of dantrolene
interferes w/ excitation-contraction coupling
site of action is skeletal muscle SR
MOA of botulinum toxin
prevents release of ACh
only drug for spasm (not spasticity)
cyclobenzaprine
used for ALS
baclofen
used in MS and back pain
tizanidine
used in MS off label
gabapentin
