Inhibit Bac Nucleic Acid Synthesis

Question 0

2 types of folate antagonists

Answer 0

Sulfonamide

Trimethoprim

Question 1

2 drug classes that inhibit bac nucleic acid synthesis

Answer 1

Folate antagonist

DNA topoisomerase inhibitor

Question 2

Mechanism of sulfonamide

Answer 2

Mimics PABA so competitive inhibition of dihydropteroate synthase

Question 3

Mechanism of trimethoprim

Answer 3

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)

Question 4

Indications for sulfa drugs

Answer 4

Topical for burns
Toxoplasmosis
Simple UTI

Question 5

What bac can transport in environmental folate (therefore resistant to sulfonamides)

Answer 5

Enterococci

Question 6

Special ADRs of sulfa

Answer 6

Hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficiency
AIDS
Cancer chemotherapy
Kernicterus in babies (encephalopathy from excess bilirubin in basal ganglia and subthalamic nuclei)

Question 7

Bac mechanism of trimethoprim resistance

Answer 7

Make aberrant form of DHFR so trimethoprim binds with less affinity

Overproduce DHFR

Question 8

Sulfa-trimethoprim indications / uses

Answer 8

UTIs
Treat pneumocystis pneumonia
Travelers diarrhea from E. coli
Enteritis from shigella species

Question 9

Which drug would you use for enteritis caused by shigella species

Answer 9

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combo

Question 10

Side effect of hyperkalemia from taking what drug

Answer 10

Trimethoprim-sulfa combo

Question 11

Mechanism of fluoroquinolones

Answer 11

Inhibits bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV) -> dsDNA breaks -> cell death

Question 12

2nd generation quinolones (fluoroquinolones) are against what type of bac

Answer 12

Gram negative

Question 13

Indications / uses for fluoroquinolones

Answer 13

UTI
GI tract infections
P aeruginosa!!!!
Osteomyelitis
Neisseria
S pneumoniae

Question 14

What ATB is used to treat p aeruginosa

Answer 14

Fluoroquinolones

Question 15

Fluoroquinolones inhibit CYP drugs and increase blood levels of

Answer 15

Theophylline
Warfarin
Caffeine

Question 16

Mechanism of bac resistance to quinolones

Answer 16

Mutate type 2 topoisomerases
Decrease permeability (alter porins)
Active efflux
Plasmid mediated resistances

Question 17

Phototoxicity side effect from

Answer 17

Fluoroquinolones

Question 18

Achilles tendonitis and rupture from

Answer 18

Fluoroquinolones

Question 19

Unique side effects of fluoroquinolones

Answer 19

Phototoxicity

Achilles tendonitis and rupture

Question 20

Most common side effects of fluoroquinolones

Answer 20

GI (NVD)

CNS (headache, dizziness, etc)

Question 21

NSAIDs with fluoroquinolones drug interactions

Answer 21

CNS toxicity

Question 22

Theophylline and fluoroquinolones drug interactions

Answer 22

Increased levels of theophylline

Lethal CNS and cardiac effects

Question 23

Caffeine increase when drug reaction with

Answer 23

Fluoroquinolones

Question 24

Warfarin increases when drug interaction with

Answer 24

Fluoroquinolones

Question 25

Theophylline increase when drug interaction with

Answer 25

Fluoroquinolones