First Aid Neuro

Question 0

What cells are destroyed in MS

Answer 0

Oligodendroglia

Question 1

Microglia derived from

Answer 1

Mesoderm

Question 2

What cells are destroyed in Guillan-Barre

Answer 2

Schwann cells

Question 3

Neurotransmitter change in anxiety

Answer 3

Increase NE
Decrease 5-HT
Decrease GABA

Question 4

Neurotransmitter change in depression

Answer 4

Decrease NE
Decrease dopamine
Decrease 5-HT

Question 5

Blood brain barrier formed by

Answer 5

Tight junctions (btwn nonfenestrated capillary endothelial cells)
Basement membrane
Astrocyte foot processes

Question 6

The cerebellum gets input from CL cortex via which peduncle?

Answer 6

MCP

Question 7

Molecular basis of Parkinson’s

Answer 7

Lewy bodies

Loss of dopaminergic neurons of SNpc

Question 8

Molecular basis of Huntingtons disease

Answer 8

CAG

Caudate loses ACh and GABA

Question 9

Treatment of essential tremor

Answer 9

Beta blockers

Primidone

Question 10

Bilateral lesion of amygdala leads to what syndrome

Answer 10

Klüver Bucy syndrome

Question 11

Condition that can cause locked in syndrome

Answer 11

Central pontine myelinolysis

Question 12

Cerebral perfusion is regulated by

Answer 12

Pco2

Question 13

Lenticulostriate artery supplies

Answer 13

Striatum

Internal capsule

Question 14

Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysm

Answer 14

Chronic hypertension
Small vessels (basal ganglia, thalamus)

Question 15

Subarachnoid hemorrhage treated with

Answer 15

Nimodipine

Question 16

Dural venous sinuses drain into

Answer 16

Internal jugular vein

Question 17

CSF gets back into venous system via arachnoid granulations into what vein

Answer 17

Superior saggital sinus

Question 18

Apparent increase in CSF due to atrophy is called

Answer 18

Hydrocephalus ex vacuo

Question 19

Disc herniation usually occurs at what vertebral level

Answer 19

L5

Question 20

Lumbar puncture / spinal tap is usually done at what level

Answer 20

Between L3 and L5

Question 21

2 diseases associated with anterior horn

Answer 21

Poliomyelitis

Werdnig-Hoffman

Question 22

ALS can be caused by defect in

Answer 22

SOD1

Question 23

Medication for ALS

Answer 23

Riluzole

Question 24

Artery of Adamkiewicz supplies what artery and below what level

Answer 24

ASA below T8

Question 25

Argyll-Robertson pupil

Answer 25

Small bilateral pupils that further construct to accommodation but not to light

Question 26

Argyll-Robertson pupil associated with

Answer 26

Tabes dorsalis (affects dorsal columns)

Question 27

Polio CSF

Answer 27

Increased WBC Slight increase protein No change in glucose

Question 28

Werdnig-Hoffman disease

Answer 28

Anterior horn spinal cord "Floppy baby" Tongue fasciculations Autosomal recessive

Question 29

What spinal cord levels give you Horner's syndrome

Answer 29

Above T1

Question 30

Xiphoid process dermatome level

Answer 30

T7

Question 31

What refers up to right shoulder

Answer 31

Diaphragm and gallbladder

Question 32

Erection dermatomes

Answer 32

S2,3,4

Question 33

Parinauld syndrome

Answer 33

Paralysis of vertical gaze due to lesion in superior colliculi (pineal tumor)

Question 34

Nucleus solitarius function and CNs

Answer 34

``` Visceral sensory (taste, baroreceptors, gut distention) 7,9,10 ```

Question 35

Nucleus ambiguus function and CNs

Answer 35

Motor innervation of pharynx, larynx, and upper esophagus (swallowing, palate elevation) 9,10

Question 36

Dorsal motor nucleus function and CN

Answer 36

Autonomic (PS) fibers to heart, lungs, and upper GI | 10

Question 37

Uveitis

Answer 37

Inflammation of uveal coat (iris, ciliary body, choroid) | Associated with systemic inflammatory disorders

Question 38

Retinitis caused by

Answer 38

Virus

Question 39

Retina whitening with cherry red spot =

Answer 39

Central retinal artery occlusion

Question 40

What do you not give to patients with closed angle glaucoma

Answer 40

Epinephrine

Question 41

Mydriasis means

Answer 41

Dilated pupil

Question 42

Short ciliary nerves do

Answer 42

Pupillary constriction (miosis)

Question 43

Long ciliary nerve does

Answer 43

Mydriasis (dilation)

Question 44

PCA infarct can cause what vision problem

Answer 44

Hemianopia with macular sparing

Question 45

Lewy bodies correlate with

Answer 45

Parkinson's disease

Question 46

Charcot's classic triad of MS

Answer 46

Scanning speech Intention tremor / incontinence / inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia Nystagmus

Question 47

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy destroys

Answer 47

Oligodendrocytes

Question 48

Metachromatic leukodystrophy due to

Answer 48

Arylsulfatase A deficiency

Question 49

Krabbe's disease

Answer 49

Deficient galactocerebrosidase which destroys myelin sheath

Question 50

Drop seizures are also called

Answer 50

Atonic seizures

Question 51

What type of headache can induce Horner's syndrome

Answer 51

Cluster headaches

Question 52

Treatment for cluster headaches

Answer 52

Inhaled oxygen | Sumatriptan

Question 53

Sturge-Weber syndrome

Answer 53

Port-wine stains

Question 54

Von Hippel Lindau disease

Answer 54

Prone to tumors

Question 55

Butterfly glioma also called

Answer 55

Glioblastoma multiforme

Question 56

Chicken wire capillaries

Answer 56

Oligodendroglioma

Question 57

Cingulate / subfalcine herniation can compress

Answer 57

ACA