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9 Liver Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

stem cells

A

canal of Hering (bile ductules)

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2
Q

Budd Chiari syndrome

A

hepatic vein thrombosis

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3
Q

what increases fluid into hepatic lymphatics, causing ascites

A

sinusoidal hypertension

hypoalbuminemia

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4
Q

hepatopulmonary syndrome

A

pulmonary vascular dilation

hypoxia

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5
Q

portopulmonary hypertension

A

pulmonary vasoconstriction

dyspnea on exertion

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6
Q

lymphomononuclear infiltrate

A

acute viral hepatitis

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7
Q

apoptotic / acidophilic / councilman body

A

acute viral hepatitis

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8
Q

histo of acute viral hepatitis

A

lymphomononuclear infiltrate

apoptotic / acidophilic / councilman body

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9
Q

ballooning degeneration

A

acute (or chronic) viral hepatitis

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10
Q

cholestasis

A

acute (or chronic) viral hepatitis

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11
Q

coagulative necrosis

A

fulminant hepatitis

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12
Q

fulminant hepatitis histo

A

coagulative necrosis

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13
Q

ductular proliferation

A

fulminant (or chronic) hepatitis

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14
Q

STAGE of chronic hepatic infection looks at

A

degree of fibrosis

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15
Q

GRADE of chronic hepatic infection looks at

A

degree of inflammation/necrosis

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16
Q

periportal inflammation / fibrosis

A

chronic hepatitis

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17
Q

focal lobular necrosis

A

chronic hepatitis

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18
Q

ground glass hepatocytes

A

HBV (cytoplasmic inclusions of HBsAg)

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19
Q

lymphoid aggregates - what hepatitis virus

A

HCV

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20
Q

ALKM1

A

type 2 autoimmune hepatitis (kids)

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21
Q

ASMA (anti smooth muscle antibody)

A

type 1 autoimmune hepatitis (adults)

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22
Q

plasma cells

A

autoimmune hepatitis

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23
Q

chicken wire pattern

A

steatofibrosis

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24
Q

demographic most at risk to cirrhosis

A

Af am females

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25
mixed micro nodular and macro nodular pattern with broad bands of fibrous tissue
alcoholic cirrhosis
26
NAFLD vs NASH
NAFLD has steatosis NASH has inflammation and increased HCC
27
HFE mutation
hemochromatosis
28
pancreas effects in hemochromatosis
just fibrosis
29
blue granules in prussian blue stain
iron in hemochromatosis
30
blood tests in hemochromatosis
increase serum iron and ferritin
31
ATP7B gene mutation
wilson disease
32
in Wilson's disease, copper can't be added to
ceruloplasmin
33
3 tests to diagnose wilson disease
screening: decreased serum ceruloplasmin more specific: increased urinary copper gold std: liver biopsy increase in hepatic copper
34
red blobs in cytoplasm after PAS stain
alpha1AT deficiency
35
clinical features of alpha1AT in diff age groups
neonates: cholestasis adolesc: hepatitis child/adult: cirrhosis
36
bile is made up of
bilirubin bile salts cholesterol
37
hereditary hyperbilirubinemia with unconj bilirubin
Gilbert syndrome
38
hereditary hyperbilirubinemia with conj bilirubin
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
39
bile pigmets in hepatocytes, canaliculi, Kupffer cells from
cholestasis (see brown pigments on histo)
40
histo of ascending cholangitis
neutrophils in bile duct epithelial lining and lumen
41
#1 cause of children needing liver transplant
biliary atresia
42
child with jaundice and echoic stools
biliary atresia
43
AMA positive (anti mitochondrial antibody)
primary biliary cirrhosis
44
florid duct lesion
primary biliary cirrhosis
45
bile ducts infiltrated and destroyed by lymphocytes (and plasma cells)
florid duct lesion in primary biliary cirrhosis
46
how to dx PBC (primary biliary cirrhosis)
liver biopsy
47
ursodeoxycholic acid treats
PBC (primary biliary cirrhosis)
48
PSC (primary sclerosing cholangitis) associated with what IBD
ulcerative colitis
49
beads on a string
PSC (primary sclerosing cholangitis)
50
onion skinning
PSC (primary sclerosing cholangitis)
51
which autoimmune cholangiopathy is associated w/ increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma
PSC (primary sclerosing cholangitis)
52
congenital dilations of common bile duct
choledochal cysts
53
von meyenberg complexes
small bile duct hamartomas (dilated, irregular benign ducts) - is a type of fibropolycystic disease
54
damage in central hepatic vein
sinusoidal obstruction syndrome
55
fibrin in periportal sinusoids
preeclampsia
56
microvesicular steatosis
acute fatty liver of pregnancy
57
plump and atrophic hepatocytes, no fibrosis
nodular regenerative hyperplasia
58
don't see portal tracts
hepatocellular adenoma
59
HNF1-alpha inactivated
hepatocellular adenoma w/ no risk of malignancy
60
beta catenin activated
hepatocellular adenoma (high risk of malignancy) or HCC
61
hepatocellular adenoma that produces c reactive protein
inflammatory type (also increase IL6)
62
hepatocellular adenoma associated w/ NAFLD
inflammatory type
63
IL6 is increased in
inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma and HCC (but HCC and beta catenin activated have activated beta catenin)
64
variant of HCC that has fibrous bands / dense collagen
fibrolamellar HCC
65
how is HCC diagnosed
by imaging, not biopsy!
66
Klatskin tumor
perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
67
liver flukes can cause
cholangiocarcinoma
68
cholelithiasis more often in males or females and why
females because estrogens increase cholesterol in bile
69
Rokitansky-Aschoff bodies
out pouching of mucosa in chronic cholecystitis
70
porcelain gallbladder
complication of chronic cholecystitis increased risk for cancer

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