Deficits Flashcards
(25 cards)
3 testable reflexes of the upper limb
Biceps (bicipital) reflex
Triceps reflex
Brachioradialis reflex
What are the testable symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome?
Positive Phalen’s test - dorsal hands together/flexed gives tingling
Positive Tinel’s sign - tingling when tapping over carpal ligament where median n passes thru carpal tunnel
Biceps reflex
- where to hit
- test what nerve
- which myotomes
Bicipital tendon in cubital fossa
Musculocutaneous nerve
C5, C6 myotomes
Triceps reflex
- where to hit
- test what nerve
- which myotomes
Tendon of triceps brachii near insertion on ulna
Radial n
C6,C7 myotomes
Brachioradialis reflex
- where to hit
- test what nerve
- which myotomes
Tendon near styloid process of radius
Radial n
C5, C6 myotome
Hyporeflexia and areflexia signal damage to what structures?
Skeletal m Nerve roots Spinal nerves Spinal cord Brain
What changes in reflex occur in major spinal cord injury?
Areflexia then hyperreflexia
A radial nerve injury gives what physical manifestation? (And caused by loss of what muscles)
Wrist drop
Lose extensors, supinator, brachioradialis
What is the most common site of radial nerve injury, and what muscles are affected?
Mid shaft of humerus
Long and lateral triceps ok
Weakened medial head triceps
Deficits in forearm extensors, supinator, brachioradialis
If a radial nerve deficit is distal on humerus, what muscle is spared from weakness (vs mid shaft of humerus)
Medial head of triceps
Radial (deep/posterior interosseus branch) injury distal to supinator gives what physical manifestations and has what effects on muscles?
No extreme wrist drop
Spares supinator, brachioradialis, and wrist extensors
Weakness extending digits and thumb against resistance
Another word for “tearing”
Avulsion
Injury to upper trunk of brachial plexus gives what physical manifestation, spares what nerves, and spares what muscles?
Waiter’s tip
Median nerve (forearm flexors, pronator) Ulnar nerve (flexor carpi ulnaris 4/5, flexor digitorum profundus) Thoracodorsal nerve (latissimus dorsi) Medial pectoral nerve (pec major medial rotation)
Ulnar nerve injury near wrist (physiological manifestation and muscles affected)
Claw hand
Dorsal interosseus can’t flex at MP
Palmar interosseus can’t extend PIP
3rd and 4th lumbricals can’t extend DIP
Median nerve (physiological manifestation)
Hand of benediction (can’t flex digits 2,3)
Ulnar nerve injury in elbow around medial epicondyle (effects)
Decreased flexor digitorum profundus digits 4,5
No clawing at DIP because both flexion and extension lost (ulnar paradox)
Numbness and tingling medial side of hand
How to verify a suspected arterial occlusion
Check pulse distal to suspected occlusion (radial pulse in wrist, brachial pulse in cubital fossa)
How to verify a suspected venous occlusion
Edema or redness distal to occlusion
Term for partial dislocation
Subluxation
Entrapped axillary nerve results in
Motor deficit in abduction
Sensory deficit over deltoid
Clavicle fracture location and pulled up and down by what?
1/3 for lateral end
Down by arm
Up by SCM
Most common fracture of forearm is called _____ and is characterized by…
Colles fracture
Fracture distal 2 cm radius dorsally
Then breaks styloid process of ulna
What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone and what effects does it have?
Scaphoid
Since blood supply is to distal end, can compromise blood supply and lead to slow healing or necrosis
What attaches to the hamate (and can break hamate), and what artery and nerve pass superficially to hamate?
Flexor retunaculum, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponents digiti minimi
Ulnar artery and nerve
