Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

From Flashcardlet > 6.14 bone 1 > Flashcards

6.14 bone 1 Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

Fibrous tissue around bone

A

Periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Most common location of bone tumors

A

Metaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Layer of bone that has osteoprogenitor cells

A

Periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Marrow composed of

A

Fat and blood forming cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 main layers of bone

A

Cortical and trabecular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bone matrix composed of

A

Organic component (osteoid) and mineral component (hydroxyapatite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hydroxyapatite composed of

A

Calcium

Phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Osteoid is made up of

A

Type I collagen

& Specialized proteins, growth factors, cytokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bone matrix synthesized by

A

Osteoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Two types of bone that osteoblasts form

A

Woven bone

Lamellar bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of bone is more cellular

A

Woven bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bone that’s formed after a fracture, so is formed quickly

A

Woven bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bone that forms slowly in a parallel arrangement

A

Lamellar bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3 situations where you’ll see woven bone

A

Fetal skeleton
Base of growth plates
Fracture repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mesenchymal cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts

A

Osteoprogenitor cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cells that are derived from osteoblasts

A

Osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cells encased in bind

A

Osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cells that detect mechanical forces and respond to stress

A

Osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cells derived from monocytes

A

Osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Multinucleated cells that resorb bone

A

Osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Osteoclasts generate

A

Acid: dissolve mineral
Enzymes: digest collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What blocks RANK / RANKL interaction

A

Osteoprotegrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

RANKL is on

23
Q

RANK is on

Study These Flashcards
A

Osteoclast precursor

24
What process turns cartilage into bone
Enchondral ossification
25
Appositional growth
Osteoblasts deposit osteoid on a pre-existing surface
26
What makes bone grow longer
Proliferation of chondrocytes in growth plate
27
Localized developmental abnormalities of bone
Dysostoses
28
Cause of dysostoses
Mutations in transcription factors which results in defects in migration and condensation of mesenchyme
29
Dysplasia
Global defects of skeletal tissue
30
Dysphasia a caused by
Mutations in - regulation of skeletal organogenesis - extra cellular structural proteins - metabolic enzymes
31
Most common disease of growth plate, resulting in short stature
Achondroplasia
32
AD mutation in FGF-R3
Achondroplasia
33
Normal head, trunk, life span, intelligence, but short limbs
Achondroplasia
34
AD mutation in type I collagen
Osteogenesis imprefecta
35
Most common inherited disorder of connective tissue
Osteogenesis imperfecta
36
Deficient osteoid synthesis results in osteopenia
Osteogenesis imperfecta
37
Blue sclera
Osteogenesis imperfecta
38
Hearing loss
Osteogenesis imperfecta
39
Small, misshapen, blue-yellow teeth
Osteogenesis imperfecta
40
Symptoms of osteogenesis imperfecta
Thin, brittle, easily fractured bones Blue sclera Hearing loss Small, misshapen, blue-yellow teeth
41
Characteristics of osteogenesis imperfecta type 2
Lethal in utero | Autosomal recessive
42
Osteoclast dysfunction
Osteopetrosis
43
Osteoclasts unable to secrete acid
Osteopetrosis
44
Excess bone formation
Osteopetrosis
45
Blood cytopenias (anemia) due to lack of bone marrow space
Osteopetrosis
46
Treatment of osteopetrosis
Bone marrow transplant
47
Diff btwn osteopenia and osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is more severe
48
Types of osteoporosis
Localized | Generalized (primary, secondary)
49
Primary osteoporosis
Aging | Post menopause
50
Secondary osteoporosis
Immobilization Corticosteroids Hyperparathyroidism Malignancy
51
Causes of osteoporosis
Decrease Osteoblast function with age Physical activity decreases Post menopause (increase osteoclasts) Genetics
52
What parts of body are most affected by osteoporosis
``` Vertebrae (compression fractures causing kyphosis, loss of height) Femoral neck (hip fractures) ```
53
Compression of thoracic spine causes
Kyphosis
54
Compression of lumbar spine causes
Lordosis
55
Prevention of osteoporosis
Exercise Calcium Vitamin D Bisphosphonates (inhibit osteoclasts)
56
Why do we not prescribe estrogen to post menopausal women to prevent osteoporosis
Increased DVT, stroke, MI

From Flashcardlet (411 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions