3.21 path

Question 0

Rarer causes of DVT

Answer 0

Protein C/S

ATIII deficiency

Question 1

If a person has a DVT, what 3 mutations should you check for

Answer 1

Factor V Leiden
Prothrombin
Hyperhomocysteinemia

Question 2

Cause of heparin induced thrombocytopenia

Answer 2

Antibodies to heparin-PF4
Platelet activation
Thrombocytopenia and thrombosis

Question 3

Anti phospholipid syndrome related to what disease

Answer 3

Lupus

Question 4

Elevated PT, PTT, D-dimer

Low platelets and fibrinogen

Answer 4

DIC

Question 5

Pulmonary infarction

Answer 5

Obstruction of small branches

Question 6

Pulmonary hemorrhage

Answer 6

Middle sized branches obstructed

Have dual blood supply

Question 7

Septic emboli result in

Answer 7

Abscesses

Question 8

Most systemic emboli go to

Answer 8

Lower extremities

Question 9

Air or gas embolism requires how much air or gas

Answer 9

At least 100 mL

Question 10

Frothy blood at autopsy

Answer 10

Air or gas embolism

Question 11

Divers, tunneled, foundation workers get

Answer 11

Decompression sickness (air embolism)

Question 12

The bends

Answer 12

Small vessels in joints and skel m obstructed

Question 13

The chokes

Answer 13

Respiratory distress

Question 14

Chronic decompression sickness

Answer 14

Caisson disease

Question 15

Result of caisson disease

Answer 15

Multiple foci of ischemic necrosis

Question 16

Fat embolism time span

Answer 16

1-3 days after long bone injury

Question 17

Oil red O

Answer 17

Fat embolism

Question 18

Bland infarction

Answer 18

No infection

Question 19

Organs with white infarction

Answer 19

Heart
Spleen
Kidneys

Question 20

Organs with hemorrhagic / red infarcts

Answer 20

Lung
Liver
Intestine

Also loose tissues, because key is reperfusion

Question 21

Microscopic morphology of infarction timespan

Answer 21

1-2 days acute inflammation (neutrophils)
3-5 days macrophages
5-7 days fibroblasts
Weeks to months scar formation

Question 22

Major characteristics of shock

Answer 22

Hypoperfusion

Hypoxia

Question 23

A burn causes what type of shock

Answer 23

Hypovolemic

Question 24

Pulmonary embolism causes what type of shock

Answer 24

Cardiogenic

Question 25

Anesthesia accident causes what type of shock

Answer 25

Neurogenic shock

Question 26

IgE causes what type of shock

Answer 26

Anaphylactic shock

Question 27

Peptidoglycan, LPS (Endotoxin), and fungemia cause what type of shock

Answer 27

Septic shock

Question 28

Metabolic abnormalities in septic shock

Answer 28

``` Insulin resistance Adrenal insufficiency (Waterhouse friedrichsen syndrome) ```

Question 29

Major problems in septic shock

Answer 29

Pooling of blood | Thrombosis

Question 30

Super antigens involved with what type of organism

Answer 30

Gram pos sepsis

Question 31

Cytokine storm in what shock

Answer 31

Septic shock

Question 32

Cytokines cascade in septic shock

Answer 32

LPS TNF IL1 IL6/8

Question 33

Brain path in shock

Answer 33

Liquefaction

Question 34

Heart path in shock

Answer 34

Contraction bands

Question 35

Lung path in shock

Answer 35

ARDS/DAD

Question 36

Kidney path in shock

Answer 36

Acute tubular necrosis

Question 37

Liver path shock

Answer 37

Central lobular necrosis

Question 38

What happens in progressive / reversible shock

Answer 38

Tissue hypo perfusion | Acidosis from lactic acid

Question 39

Irreversible shock

Answer 39

Renal shutdown Ischemic bowel Death