PH Lecture 17

Question 0

Colonization

Answer 0

Presence of microbes that doesn’t result in disease and is essential for health of host

Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

Presence of microbe in a person to the benefit of the microbe

Question 2

Typhoid fever example of what type of infection?

Answer 2

Non clinical / inapparent infection

Question 3

Shingles what type of infection

Answer 3

Latent infection

Question 4

Infectivity

Answer 4

Ability of microbe to cause infection but not necessarily cause symptoms

Question 5

Attack rate for infection equation

Answer 5

infected / # exposed

Question 6

Pathogenicity

Answer 6

Ability of microbe to cause disease (doesn’t take into account severity)

Question 7

Attack rate for pathogenicity equation

Answer 7

clinical cases / # infected

Question 8

Virulence

Answer 8

Degree of severity of disease

Question 9

Case fatality rate equation

Answer 9

fatalities / # diagnosed cases

Question 10

Most common cause of rabies in US and in developing countries

Answer 10

Bats

Dogs

Question 11

Epidemic

Answer 11

Sudden increase in frequency of infection in a region

Question 12

Pandemic

Answer 12

Epidemic on a global scale (continent or world)

Question 13

What does it mean if incidence is steady by prevalence is increasing?

Answer 13

Duration is increasing

Question 14

Endemic

Answer 14

Infection that occurs regularly at a stable rate in a particular region

Question 15

Example of an endemic

Answer 15

Malaria in subsaharan Africa

Question 16

Reservoir vs source

Answer 16

Reservoir - can live

Source - can only temporarily live

Question 17

Fomite

Answer 17

Inanimate object that is a reservoir/source

Question 18

An asymptomatic human is also called a

Answer 18

Carrier

Question 19

Food borne infections in US vs developing countries

Answer 19

US - viruses

Dev countries - bacteria

Question 20

Food borne vs food poisoning

Answer 20

Food borne from the virus or bacteria

Food poisoning from toxin

Question 21

When do you not get fever and don’t get signs of infection?

Answer 21

Food poisoning

Question 22

Water borne illnesses affect ____ most

Answer 22

The immunosuppressed

Question 23

Bell curve = what type of infection?

Answer 23

Point source outbreak of infection

Question 24

If see peaks in prevalence even after get rid of source, what are those diseases from?

Answer 24

Person to person contact

Question 25

What are small particle aerosols / droplet nuclei?

Answer 25

Evaporated to < 5 microns | May be suspended in air for long time

Question 26

Where do large particles get trapped?

Answer 26

Upper airway

Question 27

Where do small particles get trapped?

Answer 27

Alveoli

Question 28

What is transmitted by large aerosols?

Answer 28

Bacterial | Viral

Question 29

What are transmitted by droplet nuclei?

Answer 29

TB Measles Varicella Influenza?

Question 30

Most particles produced in certain actions

Answer 30

Sneezing Coughing Talking

Question 31

Disposable N95 respirator for

Answer 31

Decrease transmission from wearer to surroundings

Question 32

Individually fitted half mask respirator

Answer 32

Protects wearer

Question 33

Zoonosis facts

Answer 33

Person to person rare Disease mild Infection requires extensive exposure

Question 34

Infections acquired in hospitals called

Answer 34

Nosocomial infections

Question 35

Nosocomial infections most often in

Answer 35

ICU

Question 36

Greatest risk factor for nosocomial infections

Answer 36

Catheters

Question 37

Latent period

Answer 37

Time between infection and beginning to be infectious

Question 38

Incubation period

Answer 38

Infection until symptomatic

Question 39

What does a skewed bell curve mean?

Answer 39

Varying incubation period

Question 40

Successive peaks with regular period of infection is what type of infection curve?

Answer 40

Propagated

Question 41

Increase and remains stable curve is what type of infection?

Answer 41

Continuous / intermittent / common / endemic