7.18 Toxicology Flashcards
(23 cards)
antidote for arsenic
Dimercaptol (BAL) - complexes with poison
antidote for cholinesterase inhibitors
pralidoxime (2PAM) - complexes with poison
atropine - blocks receptors responsible for toxic effect
antidote for cyanide
methemoglobin - complexes with poison
thiosulfate - accelerates metabolism to nontoxic product
antidote for methanol
ethanol - blocks metabolism to more toxic
antidote for bromide
chloride - accelerates excretion
antidote for carbon monoxide
oxygen - competes w/ poison for receptor
antidote for coumarins
vitamin k - competes w/ poison for receptor
antidote for agents that produce methemoglobinemia
methylene blue - repairs or bypasses effect of poison
antidote for digitalis glycosides
potassium salts - repairs or bypasses effect of poison
beta blockers - repairs or bypasses effect of poison
antidote for methotrexate
folinic acid - repairs or bypasses effect of poison
ABCDs of coma
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Diagnosis
indications for gastric lavage
can be unconscious
lost gag reflex
conscious pt ingested large quantity of toxin
contraindications for gastric lavage
corrosives
petroleum distillates
seizures
use of activated charcoal
removes unabsorbed poison
increases clearance of systematically absorbed poison
interrupt enterohepatic cycle
increase excretion of poison
use of diuresis
enhance excretion of many drugs
indications for hemodialysis
coma
hypotension
hyperosmolality
acid base disturbances
electrolyte disturbances
alkaline diuretics
NaHCO3
Na-lactate
CA inhibitors (acetazolamide)
weak acid drugs
phenobarbital
ASA
acid diuretics
NH4Cl
ascorbic acid
weak base drugs
amphetamine
quinidine
strychnine
AEIO+TIPS
alcohol encephalopathy insulin opioids trauma infection psych syncope
emetic drugs
ipecac
apomorphine
apomorphine CI
poison is
- convulsant
- hydrocarbon
- corrosive
pt is
- unconscious
- does not have gag reflex
- has CV disease, emphysema
- under 6 mo
