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From Flashcardlet > Empiric use of antibiotics > Flashcards

Empiric use of antibiotics Flashcards

(49 cards)

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0
Q

Neisseria meningitis

A

Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone

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1
Q

Bacterial Meningitis - Strep pneumo

A

Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone

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2
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

Ampicillin

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3
Q

Rickettsial infections (& ehrlichia)

A

Doxycycline

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4
Q

CAP - general

A

Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin

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5
Q

CAP (typical) - strep pneumo

A

Ceftriaxone

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6
Q

CAP (atypical) - Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Azithromycin (or doxycycline)

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7
Q

CAP (atypical) - Legionella

A

Azithromycin (or doxycycline)

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8
Q

Bacteremia & Endocarditis - Staph aureus (MSSA)

A

Nafcillin

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9
Q

MRSA pneumonia

A

Vancomycin or Linezolid

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10
Q

MRSA pneumonia - allergic to Vancomycin. What common vanc alternative can you not use?

A

Daptomycin! Broken down by surfactant in the lung.

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11
Q

Coagulase negative staphylococci (IV line infection)

A

Vancomycin

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12
Q

Bacteremia & Endocarditis - Streptococci

A

Penicillin G

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13
Q

Bacteremia & Endocarditis - Strep (allergic to penicillin)

A

Vancomycin

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14
Q

Enterococcus endocarditis (or bacteremia)

A

Ampicillin + Gentamicin

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15
Q

Strep pyogenes - TSS +/- necrotizing fasciitis

A

Clindamycin + Penicillin G (*eagle effect)

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16
Q

Strep pyogenes pharyngitis

A

Penicillin

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17
Q

UTI - E. coli (first line)

A

TMP/SXT

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18
Q

UTI - E. coli (alternative drugs)

A

Nitrofurantoin or maybe cipro

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19
Q

UTI/Bacteriuria - pregnant woman

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A

Nitrofurantoin

20
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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A

Aminoglcyosides + Ceftazidime (or pipieracillin/tazobactam, cefepime, or imipenem)

21
Q

Pseudomonas - allergic to all Beta lactams

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A

Aminoglycoside + ciprofloxacin

22
Q

Intra-abdominal/pelvic - Gram negative rods

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A

Gentamicin + Metronidazole

23
Q

Intra-abdominal/pelvic - anaerobes

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A

Metronidazole

24
Intra-abdominal/pelvic - Enterococcus
Metronidazole (alternate amp/sulbactam or clinda/amp)
25
Syphilis
Benzathine Penicillin IM (or aqueous penicillin G for neurosyphillis)
26
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone
27
Chlamydia trachomatis
Azithromycin (or doxycycline)
28
Otitis media or sinusitis - S. pneumo/H.flu
Amoxicillin (1st), Azithromycin, (2nd line), amoxicillin/clavulanate
29
S. aureus cellulitis - outpatient
Cephalexin, Dicloxacillin, or Clindamycin
30
Group A strep cellulitis - outpatient
Cephalexin, Dicloxacillin, or Clindamycin
31
MRSA cellulitis -outpatient
TMP/SXT (or doxy)
32
Inpatient cellulitis
IV vancomycin
33
Diabetic lower extremity or mixed infections
Vancomycin + ceftazidime + metronidazole
34
Beta-lactam - adverse effects
Anaphylaxis, rashes, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (C. diff), Interstitial nephritis, bone marrow suppression (prolonged therapy)
35
Carbapenems - adverse effects
Seizures (lowest risk with meropenem). Avoid in CNS path or renal failure.
36
Aminoglycosides - adverse effects
Renal toxicity, ototoxicity, neuromuscular blockade (rare)
37
Quinolones - adverse effects
CNS effects (hallucinations), QT interval prolongation, tendon rupture, photosensitivity.
38
Vancomycin - adverse effects
Immediate "red man" syndrome, phlebitis, rash (SJS), ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
39
Macrolides - adverse effects
N/V/D, QT interval prolongation (esp. erythr/clarithr)
40
Clindamycin - adverse effects
diarrhea (C. diff), rash
41
Metronidazole - adverse effects
Antabuse reaction, peripheral neuropathy.
42
TMP/SXT - adverse effects
Rash (highest risk of SJS), increased creatinine (falsely elevated. Not kidney function).
43
Doxycycline - adverse effects
Photosensitivity rash, pill esophagitis! (stay upright for an hour afterward)
44
Linezolid - indications
VRE and MRSA
45
Linezolid - adverse effects
Many drug interactions, fatal lactic acidosis!
46
Daptomycin - adverse effects
Elevated creatinine kinase
47
Synercid - adverse effects
increased LFT's, myalgias, arthralgias
48
AVOID in pregnancy
Tetracyclines, Quinolones, Daptomycin

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